ZEN SCHOOL

Chapter- 1 The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Introduction In 1848, Frederic Sorrieu, a French artist, prepared a series of four prints visualizing his dream of a world made up of 'democratic and social republic, as he called them. Artists of the time of the French Revolution personified Liberty as a female le figure. According to Sorrieu's utopian vision, the peoples of the world are grouped as distinct nations, identified through their flags and national costume. This chapter will deal with many of the issues visualized by Sorrieu. During the nineteenth century, nationalism emerged as a force that brought about sweeping changes in the political and mental world of Europe. The end result of these changes was the emergence of the nation-state in the place of the multi-national dynastic empires of Europe. A modern state, in which a centralized power exercised sovereign control over a clearly defined territory, had been developing over a long time in Europe. But a nation-state w...

UNIT -1 POWER SHARING Thinks we gonna learn in this chapter:- 1. With this chapter, we resume the tour of democracy that we started last year. 2. An intelligent sharing of power among a legislature, executive, and judiciary is very important to the design of democracy. 3. We start with two stories from Belgium and Sri Lanka. 4. Both these stories are about how democracies handle demands for power-sharing. Belgium and Sri Lanka: 1. Belgium is a small country in Europe. 2. It has borders with the Netherlands, France, and Germany. 3. 59% in the Flemish region speak Dutch. 4. Another 40% of people live in the Wallonia region and speak French. 5. Remaining 1% of the Belgians speak Germany. 6. In the capital city Brussels, 80% of people speak French while 20% are Dutch-speaking. 7. The minority French-speaking community was relatively rich and powerful. 8. This was resented by the Dutch-speaking community who got the benefit of the economic development and education much later. 9. The tensi...